Module 3: Assessed Exercise 7

iPod touch Applications

The following applications are included in the iPod touch:

1. A favorite websites. Save images from websites in the Fototeca.
2. Acces to calendars Mobile Me, iCal, Microsoft Entourage, Microsoft Outlook or
Automatically
3. Put the column of the web page to the screen for the iPod touch
4. Favorite aplications. Download and install the applications on the home screen.
5. Known what song is playing in the establishment and purchase it immediately.
6. Look for in the catalog of music from iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store and browse, preview
7. Look for the shop the App Store for iPod touch applications that may acquire or
8. Change or delete contacts, these changes are automatically synchronized with the
songs of the combined library.
10. Configure systems with standard POP3 and IMAP email. View PDF
11. You can view street map, satellite or hybrid views of locations
12. Email the most popular electronic (including those of Yahoo! Mail, Google Gmail and AOL, and
13. the television wherever you are. Or connect the iPod touch to a TV for
around the world. Move the map to view more detail. Find the place in the computer.
Add alerts that remind you of events, appointments and closings term.
16. Download through its Wi-Fi. Read and write your own reviews about your
17. The iPod touch works with MobileMe, Microsoft Exchange and many of the accounts
18. Listening songs, audiobooks and podcasts. Create playlists On-The-Go
Featured
19. Explore videos, most viewed, most recently updated and
20. Explore, preview and buy songs from the collections of Starbucks.
21. Easily reading. Synchronize your bookmarks with Safari or Microsoft Internet Explorer
22. Find businesses in the area.
23. Fototec.
24. The Address Book Yahoo!, Google Book, Address Book
25. More details. View slideshow. Send photos by email, add to
26. more rated
27. Microsoft Exchange. Key events in the iPod touch and Sync with your calendar
28. Navegue site Wi-Fi. Rotate iPod touch sideways for
29. You can contact information synchronized MobileMe, Address Book in Mac OS X
30. Pc.
31. Other articles. Receive podcasts and real-time download. Some Starbucks
32. That are. Get details and see the current traffic
33. Watch videos from the YouTube website on the Internet. Find any video or
34. your computer. Add Safari web clips to the home screen for quick access
35. for portrait mode and landscape mode. Bring any photo to see it
36. your other attachments within Mail store photos and graphics in the attached
37. your cable sold separately).
MobileMe Gallery
38. Assign it to contacts and use them as wallpaper.
39. Widescreen display. Click twice to zoom in or out. Safari
40. Use the function to automatically create a Genius playlist with
41. Watch photos and images transferred from your computer or stored on the iPod touch.
42. Watch purchased or rented movies, music videos, podcasts and video programs
43. Watch your favorite stocks, updated automatically via the Internet.
44. Watch content on a larger screen (requires a connection to the TV
45. Windows (Outlook Express), Microsoft Outlook or Microsoft Exchange. Search, add,
46. and buy new releases, songs and albums sold and many

Module 3: Assessed Exercise 5

¿Como funciona un coche híbrido?

Todos estamos familiarizados con los coches a gasolina y mucha gente ha visto u oído, acerca de los coches eléctricos. Un coche híbrido es la combinación de los dos. El coche híbrido presenta partes de los dos, gasolina y eléctrico, en un intento de juntar lo mejor de ambos mundos.

La mejor forma de entender las ventajas de un vehículo híbrido es pensar en un coche viajando por una autopista a una velocidad por una zona plana. En este caso el motor está haciendo tres cosas.

1. Está superando la resistencia de rodamiento en la transmisión

2. Está superando la resistencia del aire

3. Está abasteciendo accesorios, como el alternador, la bomba de la dirección asistida y el aire acondicionado.

El motor tal vez, necesite producir no más de 10 o 20 CV para soportar esta carga. La razón por la que los coches tienen motores de 100 a 200 caballos, es para afrontar la aceleración desde la parada, como para subir pendientes. Sólo usamos el máximo de los caballos, durante el 1 % del tiempo de conducción. El resto del tiempo usamos la carga y la fricción de la mayoría parte del motor, lo cual pierde mucha energía.

Con un vehículo híbrido tradicional, se tiene un coche eléctrico completo. Esto incluye un motor eléctrico para abastecer con toda la energía a las ruedas como a las baterías para administrar electricidad al motor. A parte se tiene un motor de gasolina completamente separado abasteciendo un generador. El motor es poco potente, quizá de 10 a 20 CV y está diseñado para funcionar a una sola marcha, para así obtener la máxima eficacia. La finalidad de éste motor, pequeño y efectivo, es proveer suficiente fuerza al coche durante su velocidad constante. A la hora de acelerar, las baterías proveen de la fuerza extra necesaria. Cuando el coche está desacelerado o simplemente parado, las baterías se recargan. Este tipo de coche híbrido, es esencialmente un coche eléctrico con un recargador adaptado para alargar. La ventaja es que al ser un motor de gasolina pequeño y eficiente, se obtiene un magnífico kilometraje.

El único problema que se tiene con un coche híbrido tradicional, es el peso. El coche tiene que soportar el peso del motor eléctrico, del generador, del motor de gasolina y de las baterías. No se necesitan tantas baterías, como en un coche eléctrico convencional, lo cual ahorra algo de peso, pero un motor eléctrico de talla grande, más un generador de 10 KW puede llegar a pesar varios cientos de kilos.

Assesed Exercise 4: Part 2

TRANSLATION OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE OF INDEPENDENTS HOBS

FOR USE OF INDEPENDENT 1.INSTRUCTIONS hobs
Make sure that the remote control will operate, is the focus that you want to use.

Electric plates have 6 positions, with different heating powers. In Table 1 we give an orientation of these powers. For the function, you can turn the button to the left or right depending on that you want.

Be care that the diameter of the recipient is equal or greater than the focus is going to used.

The focus should not operate without recipient. The base of the container must be flat and dry.

If your plate is of stainless steel, there are comercial products for cleaning. Once clean, wash out the plate with water and dry with a soft cloth.

If the plate is enameled use soapy water for cleaning. Don't use never products or abrasive sponges. Remove quickly the marks with vinegar, lemon and acidic substances in general.

Clean quickly the electric lights with water and soap. After it cook softly the focus and scrub out with a newspaper.

2. WARRANTY POLICY / WARRANTY POLICY

This product has a warranty of 2 years from date of purchase. When you have a problem that can not be solved by following the manual (troubleshooting), you should call the Telephone Assistance 807 432 432.

This phone will try to solve your problem through telephone support in the first instance. If it is not possible and the problem persists, during the first month after receipt of the product, we'll collect at your home to bring you to the Technical Service, where it will be repaired or, replaced by a new unit. After it, we returned to your address without your having to pay any transportation costs.

After the first month, the client who will send the product to the address of the Technical Service, assuming the costs of transport. Later he returned to his address in perfect condition without having to pay the transportation costs of returning to your home.

Guarantee is not valid if:
The serial number has been altered or is illegible.
The product has been manipulated by unauthorized personnel.
The product has suffered from abuse or negligency, as well as damages produced by storagement and transportment.
In case of force majeure.

Recycling.
Do not ever pull the product to the trash. When you want to get rid of it, take it to an authorized collection point. If you do not know what is the nearest to you, contact your town hall. The packaging of this product is recyclable, drop it in the selected container.

Assessed Exercise 4: SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES

Exercise 3 Part 1: Grammatical and Syntactic Level Equivalence
SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES

The body of the harpsichord is shaped like a wing. There are two or more strings to each note-and the player can vary how many are used at one time. This makes loud and soft sounds possible on the instrument. Some later instruments use swell device. This opens slats (shutters) in the body of the instrument, allowing the sound to swell out. Harpsichords often have two or sometimes even three keyboards, each producing a different tone quantity.

El cuerpo del clave tiene forma de ala. Cada nota tiene dos o más cuerdas, y el intérprete puede variar el número de las que usa en cada momento, lo cual permite sonidos fuertes y suaves. Algunos instrumentos tardíos utilizan un mecanismo de ampliación del sonido a través de registros que transforman la sonoridad. Los claves suelen tener dos e incluso tres teclados superpuestos, cada uno de ellos con una calidad sonora diferente.

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Análisis comparativo de los textos:

The translation of the text is well done. The differences we found that use less Spanish phrases because you can specify in the same sentence using commas or expressions such as "lo cual" In English, we add another sentence by deleting "lo cual" and adding at the beginning of the phrase "this makes ...."
In English we have 6 Spanish phrases 4.

is shapped ( ) - tiene (presente)
there are ( ) - tiene (presente)
can vary ( ) - puede variar (presente)
are used ( ) - usa (presente)
this makes ( ) - lo cual permite (presente)
use ( ) - utilizan (presente)
allowing ( ) - utilizan (presente)
to swell out ( ) - transforman (presente)
have ( ) - tener (presente)

Conjunciones y nexos:

Como adverbio: este, esta

así de, tan, tanto

Otras traducciones, ejemplos:
This is my wife - Te presento a mi mujer
This is my child - Este es mi hijo
Like this - Como eso
At this - Al oir esto

Assessed Exercises 3

First Technical text:

P2P

A peer-to-peer (or P2P) computer network uses diverse connectivity between participants in a network and the cumulative bandwidth of network participants rather than conventional centralized resources where a relatively low number of servers provide the core value to a service or application. P2P networks are typically used for connecting nodes via largely ad hoc connections. Such networks are useful for many purposes. Sharing content files (see file sharing) containing audio, video, data or anything in digital format is very common, and real time data, such as telephony traffic, is also passed using P2P technology.

A pure P2P network does not have the notion of clients or servers but only equal peer nodes that simultaneously function as both "clients" and "servers" to the other nodes on the network. This model of network arrangement differs from the client-server model where communication is usually to and from a central server. A typical example of a file transfer that is not P2P is an FTP server where the client and server programs are quite distinct: the clients initiate the download/uploads, and the servers react to and satisfy these requests.

In contrast to the above discussed pure P2P network, an example of a distributed discussion system that also adopts a client-server model is the Usenet news server system, in which news servers communicate with one another to propagate Usenet news articles over the entire Usenet network. Particularly in the earlier days of Usenet, UUCP was used to extend even beyond the Internet. However, the news server system acted in a client-server form when individual users accessed a local news server to read and post articles. The same consideration applies to SMTP email in the sense that the core email relaying network of Mail transfer agents follows a P2P model while the periphery of e-mail clients and their direct connections is client-server. Tim Berners-Lee's vision for the World Wide Web, as evidenced by his WorldWideWeb editor/browser, was close to a P2P network in that it assumed each user of the web would be an active editor and contributor creating and linking content to form an interlinked "web" of links. This contrasts to the more broadcasting-like structure of the web as it has developed over the years.

- Computer Network: Redes de ordenadores
- Bandwidth: Ancho de banda
- Servers: Servidores
- Nodes: Nodos
- Ad-hoc: Redes Ad-hoc (tipo de red donde el mismo cliente comparte su conexión)
- File Sharing: Compartir archivos
- Telephony: Telefonia
- Clients: Clientes
- Peer: (p2p peer to peer) Punto a punto "redes"
- Client-Server: Cliente-Servidor
- FTP: File Transport Protocol (Protocolo de transporte de ficheros)
- UUCP: Unix to Unix Copy (Copiador de Unix a Unix)
- SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (Protocolo Simple de transferencia de mails)
- Mail Transfer Agents: Agentes de transferencia de correo
- World Wide Web: World wide web (la web) (red global mundial)
- Broadcasting: Radiodifusión

Second Technical text:

ANODE

An anode is an electrode through which electric charge flows into a polarized electrical device. Mnemonic: ACID (Anode Current Into Device). Electrons flow in the opposite direction to the positive electric current.

A widespread misconception is that anode polarity is always positive. This is often incorrectly inferred from the correct fact that in all electrochemical devices negatively charged anions move towards the anode and/or positively charged cations move away from it. Anode polarity is not always positive but depends on the device type, and sometimes even in which mode it operates, as determined by the above electric current direction-based universal definition. As can be seen from the following examples, in a power-consuming device, the anode is positive, and in a power-releasing device, the anode is negative. Examples:

• In a discharging battery or galvanic cell (diagram at right) the anode is the negative terminal, where the hypothetic charges constituting a conventional current flow in, and electrons out. Since this inwards charge is carried externally by electrons moving outwards, the negative charge moving one way amounts to positive charge flowing into the electrolyte from the anode, i.e., away (surprisingly) from the more negative electrode and towards the more positive one (chemical energy is responsible for this "uphill" motion). If the anode is composed of a metal, electrons which it gives up to the external circuit must be accompanied by metal atoms missing those electrons (cations) moving away from the electrode and into the electrolyte.

- Electrode: Electrodo
- Electric charge: Carga eléctrica
- Electrochemical: Electroquímica
- Electrons: Electrones
- Widespread: Generalizada
- Galvanic cell: Galvánica de células
- Conventional Current: Corriente convencional
- Electrolyte: Electrolito
- Cations: Cátodos

Third Technical text:

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

Electromagnetic radiation (sometimes abbreviated EMR) takes the form of self-propagating waves in a vacuum or in matter. EM radiation has an electric and magnetic field component which oscillate in phase perpendicular to each other and to the direction of energy propagation. Electromagnetic radiation is classified into types according to the frequency of the wave; these types include (in order of increasing frequency): radio waves, microwaves, terahertz radiation, infrared radiation, visible light, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. Of these, radio waves have the longest wavelengths and Gamma rays have the shortest. A small window of frequencies, called visible spectrum or light, is sensed by the eye of various organisms, with variations on the limits of this narrow spectrum.

EM radiation carries energy and momentum that may be imparted to matter with which it interacts.

Electromagnetic waves were first postulated by James Clerk Maxwell and subsequently confirmed by Heinrich Hertz. Maxwell derived a wave form of the electric and magnetic equations, revealing the wave-like nature of electric and magnetic fields, and their symmetry. Because the speed of EM waves predicted by the wave equation coincided with the measured speed of light, Maxwell concluded that light itself is an EM wave.

According to Maxwell's equations, a time-varying electric field generates a magnetic field and vice versa. Therefore, as an oscillating electric field generates an oscillating magnetic field, the magnetic field in turn generates an oscillating electric field, and so on. These oscillating fields together form an electromagnetic wave.

A quantum theory of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter such as electrons is described by the theory of quantum electrodynamics.

- Self-propagating: Autopropagacción
- Waves: Ondas
- Vacuum: Vacio
- Matter: ---------
- Electric magnetic field: Campo magnético eléctrico
- Oscillate: Oscila
- Propagation: Propagación
- Frequency: Frecuencia
- Radio waves: Ondas de radio
- Microwaves: Ondas microondas
- Terahertz radiation: Radiación Terahertz
- Infrared radiation: Radiación infrarrojos
- Visible light: Luz visible
- Ultraviolet radiation: Radiación Ultravioleta
- X-rays: Rayos X
- Gama rays: Rayos Gamma
- Visible spectrum: Espectro visible
- Quantum Theory: Teoria Cuántica
- Quantum Electrodynamics: Teoria electrodinámica

Forth Technical text:

KINETOSCOPE

The Kinetoscope is an early motion picture exhibition device. Though not a movie projector—it was designed for films to be viewed individually through the window of a cabinet housing its components—the Kinetoscope introduced the basic approach that would become the standard for all cinematic projection before the advent of video: it creates the illusion of movement by conveying a strip of perforated film bearing sequential images over a light source with a high-speed shutter. First described in conceptual terms by U.S. inventor Thomas Edison in 1888, it was largely developed by his employee William Kennedy Laurie Dickson between 1889 and 1892. Dickson and his team at the Edison lab also devised the Kinetograph, an innovative motion picture camera with rapid intermittent, or stop-and-go, film movement, to photograph movies for in-house experiments and, eventually, commercial Kinetoscope presentations.

In April 1894, the first commercial exhibition of motion pictures in history was given in New York City, using ten Kinetoscopes. Instrumental to the birth of American movie culture, the Kinetoscope also had a major impact in Europe; its influence abroad was magnified by Edison's decision not to seek international patents on the device, facilitating numerous imitations of and improvements on the technology. In 1895, Edison introduced the Kinetophone, which joined the Kinetoscope with a cylinder phonograph. Film projection, which Edison initially disdained as financially nonviable, soon superseded the Kinetoscope's individual exhibition model. Many of the projection systems developed by Edison's firm in later years would use the Kinetoscope name.

- Motion picture: Cine
- Movie projector: Proyector de películas
- Video: Video
- Perforated film: Película perforada
- Motion picture camera: Cámara de cine
- Intermittent: Intermitente
- Stop-and-go: Para y vuelve a ir
- Film movement: Peliculas en movimiento
- Patents: Patentes
- Cylinder: Cilíndro
- Phonograph: Fonógrafo

Translation and Project Management

Celia's article talks about the importance of translation, how can we benefit from a project management techniques and quality control processes.

The present article is an attempt at introducing an analysis of how translation can benefit from, and is actually taking advantage of, project management techniques and quality control processes. I will first advance some key concepts in the discipline and will then show current implementations of the procedures in the translation industry.

Project management:The Basics

Anything we do has a life cycle: a beginning, a middle, and an end. Some life cycles are more complex than others because some tasks are more complex than others, too, and therefore require careful planning and attention.

Translation workflow and Operational Environment

In this part of the speech translation workflow lifecycle and how to begin to launch.

We need to think in our objectives, the strategies for the best industries, how we can show the final product for our clients, the structure organization, the money.

Preparation:

Now, the most important steps to make a feasibility study for investigators.

• translation's function
• translation's environment
• translation's working life
• budget
• standards and format specifications
• reliability requirements
• future expansion
• technology to be used
• company's resources
• quality assurance requirement (is ISO 9000 a requirement?)
• team availability
• office space and equipment available
• deadlines and possibility of meeting them
• terms and conditions, as specified by the client, and subsequent assessment of their practicality
• training required and feasibility in terms of money, people and expectations
• outsourcing needs and logistic constraints
• viability of other translation projects running in parallel

Conclusion: The Translation phase is the most important part of the project and is only successful if you have been adequantly planned and completed the rest of the project phases.

Summary Unit 1 and Unit 2

Last week, I didn't came to class, because I have at the same time another course, really serious.
I'm trying to make the work that my friend says-me just when the class finished.

Last week he told me that in classroom you were commenting about the different forms to make a good translations and the different translation techniques.

A List
- Borrowing, that means to taking words straight into another language.
- Calque, this is a literal translation at phrase level.
- Literal Translation, like "El equipo está trabajando para acabar el informe" - "The team is working to finish the report".
- Transposition, mechanical proces whereby parts of speech.
- Modulation, this consists of using a phrase that is different in the source and target languages to convey the same idea.
- Reformulation, to express something in a completely different way, not exactly but, using other words.
- Adaptation, here something specific to the source language culture.
- Compensation, it can be used where something cannot be translated from source to target language, and the meaning that is lost in the immediate translation is expressed somewhere else in the TT.

Terminology

Terminology is a polysemous word that can refer to:
- a collection of terms belonging to a special subject field,
- an activity, i.e. the set of practices and methods used for the collection, description and presentation of terms,
- a theory, i.e. the set of premieses, arguments and conclusions required for explaining the relationships between concepts and terms which are fundamental for a coherent activity of collecting, describing and presenting terms.

Two perspectives:

Concept-oriented perspective, a group of concepts of a specialized area and their associated signs.
Term-oriented, the items which are characterized by special reference within a discipline, are the terms of that discipline, and the collectively they form its 'terminology'.

Terminology plays an important role in many different fields such as standardization, translation, technical documentation, and software localization.

There are three basics concepts in terminology:
- Object: any part of the perceivable or conceivable world
- Concept: a unit of thought constituted thought abstraction on the basis of properties common to a set objects. The semantic content of a concept can be re-expressed by a combination of other and different concepts, which may vary from one language or culture to another.
- Term: designation of a defined concept in a special language by a linguistic expression.

Term structure:

Terms can have different types of structures.

Simple terms: Terms consisting of only one stem with or without affixes.
Abbreviated terms: Abbreviations, initialises and acronyms.
Complex terms: terms consisting of two or more stems with or without other term elements
Compound terms: Complex terms in which elements have a fixed position within the terms as a whole but are no linked by morphological devices.
Types:
Combining existing text materials
Derivation, by adding suffixes or prefixes
Creation of simple terms
Creation of complex terms
Creation of short forms
Adoption of terms from a different language
Adoption of terms from a different subject field

Homonymy and Polysemy:

Homonymy: identical terms representing different concepts have differents etymological origins
Polysemous: When a term gets several meaning